Improvement of beta thalassemia symptoms byexamining the role of polymorphic markers

Beta thalassemia is an autosomal recessive disorder in which mutations ordeletions in the beta-globin chains occur that reduce or stop HbA(Hemoglobin A) synthesis. The disease is most frequent in the temperateregions of the world, The purpose of this study was to improve thesymptoms of beta-thalassemia by recognizing the factors that increase fetalhemoglobin (embryonic hemoglobin) again. the present study is a review bycollecting and analyzing related articles and related information collectedfrom Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, and SID sites.The results show that increased fetal hemoglobin (HbF) is dependent ongenes that play a regulatory role in the expression of cluster genes of betaglobin.The BCL۱۱A (B cell lymphoma ۱۱A) is involved in regulatinggamma-globin synthesis. Some polymorphisms in the BCL۱۱A gene canincrease fetal hemoglobin production and modulate the clinical phenotype ofthese patients. From the evidence obtained from the articles, it can beconcluded that polymorphisms are associated with fetal hemoglobin and canplay a role in predicting the clinical condition of the fetus as thalassemiamajor, intermediate or minor.

Keywords:

Beta thalassemia , Polymorphism , Fetal hemoglobin , BCL۱۱Agene , Gamma globin , Beta globin.