Research on Cellular Senescence in the Animals’ Brain: A Scoping Review

This article analyses the researches on the topic of senescence of animals’ brain cells through scoping review in Scopus site we used for searching. After analysis of titles and abstracts of articles, obtained figure for this search of articles was ۱۵. Subsequent to applied selection criteria figure was limited to ۴ articles. Tau protein accumulation is the most common pathology among degenerative brain diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), traumatic brain injury (TBI) and over twenty others. Accumulation of oxidative stress-induced damage in brain tissue takes a significant role in the pathogenesis of normal aging and neurodegenerative diseases. NFT formation does not induce apoptosis which shows that secondary mechanisms involving in toxicity. Using four AD transgenic mouse models it was found that NFTs, but not Aβ plaques, display a senescence-like phenotype. This finding shows a strong association between the presence of NFTs and cellular senescence in the brain, which contributes to neurodegeneration. Blast-induced traumatic brain injury (bTBI) has been recongnized as a risk factor for age-associated neurodegenerative diseases. The increased senescence in some of affected brain structures might be involved in several long-term sequelae subsequent to exposure to blast, for instance memory disruptions and impairments in movement, auditory and ocular functions. Accumulation of oxidative stress-induced damage in brain tissue strongly affects the pathogenesis of normal aging and neurodegenerative diseases. Neuronal oxidative damage typically increases with age in humans and invertebrate and vertebrate model species most used in aging research. This aspect of brain senescence is largely decoupled from chronological age in the honey bee (Apis mellifera).

Keywords:

cellular , senescence , brain , animal