Language Impairments after Stroke

Background and Aim: Diagnosis and treatment of aphasia at early stage after stroke is important issue in speech and language pathology. Materials and Methods: We conducted a search in PMC, Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, Medline, SID, Google Scholar and Ovid databases. The present information is available reviewing the articles from ۱۹۹۶ to ۰۲۰ through the search of the resources. Results: Strokes can adversely affect vision, balance, cognition, memory and speech. Many stroke patients have reduced speaking abilities, called aphasia. Aphasia is a disorder that results from damage to portions of the brain that are responsible for language. For most people, these are areas on the left hemisphere of the brain. Aphasia usually occurs suddenly, often as the result of a stroke or head injury, but it may also develop slowly, as in the case of a brain tumor, an infection or dementia. Aphasia occurs in about ۲۰ to ۴۰ percent of stroke patients. The disorder impairs the expression and reception of language as well as reading and writing. Aphasia may co-occur with speech motor disorders such as dysarthria or apraxia of speech. Aphasic patients have many symptoms including agrammatism, word deafness and word-finding problems, paraphasia , pragmatic or communicating difficulty and intonation problems. Aphasia assessments is generally based on four criteria of expression and comprehension, repetiton and naming ability. Speech therapy is among one of the most important rehabilitation treatments for stroke patients, which can help regain important cognitive and communication functions. An SLP will also teach a stroke patient how to produce and relearn sounds that may have been affected at the time of the stroke, also can help stroke patients regain cognitive function and memory, which can improve word retrieval and regaining problem-solving skills. Conclusion: Speech therapy methods can improve brain synaptic plasticity. The aim of therapy is to recover as much of speech as possible and/or find alternative ways of communicating.

Keywords:

Aphasia , Language disorders , Speech & , language pathology , Stroke