Physical Activity and Associated Factors in Indonesian Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction

Background: Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) patients generally report persistent symptoms such as pain, fatigue, depression, and disorders in fulfilling daily needs. Physical activity has a beneficial effect on cardiopulmonary rehabilitation and remodeling of dysfunction after AMI. Aim: This study was performed aimed to identify physical activity and related factors in AMI patients.Method: This cross-sectional study was performed on ۱۵۰ post-treatment AMI patients who were discharged from a central hospital in Indonesia from February to March ۲۰۱۹. The physical activity data were collected using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Depression was measured using the PHQ-۹ Patient Depression Questionnaire, and self-efficacy using the Cardiac Self-Efficacy Scale. Data were analyzed by SPSS software (version ۲۶.۰) and Chi-square and fisher’s exact tests. P<۰.۰۵ was considered statistically significant. Results: After hospitalization, majority of patients were in adult age (<۶۰ years old) category (۷۳.۳%), were male (۷۸.۸%), had passed ۷ to ۳۰ days post-discharge (۷۵.۳%), and had comorbidities (۶۴.۷%). The majority of patients had mild physical activity (۸۲%), in the mild depression category (۶۹.۳%), and had negative self-efficacy (۸۶.۷%). Factors related to low physical activity were age (P=۰.۰۰۲), gender (P=۰.۰۰۰۱), days after hospitalization (P=۰.۰۳), comorbidities (P=۰.۰۲), depression (P=۰.۰۰۳), and self-efficacy (P=۰.۰۰۰۱). The logistic regression test showed that age, gender, and self-efficacy improve physical activity in post-discharge AMI patients.Implications for Practice: Age, gender, and self-efficacy can enhance physical activity in post-discharge AMI patients. It is suggested that a pre-discharge and follow-up education be performed to evaluate physical activity.

Keywords:

Acute myocardial infarction , Indonesia , Physical Activity