Diagnosis of B-CLL Leukemia Using Fractal Dimension

Background:Leukemia is cancer of blood and bone marrow cells. In general, there are four types of leukemia: chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), acute myeloid leukemia (AML), B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).  Fractal geometry can be introduced as one of the effective ways to detect this type of cancer. In this study, with introducing an effective method, it is tried to predict CLL cancer through the measurement of nucleus cell fractal dimension. Methods: Blood samples of ۳۰ healthy individuals and ۳۰ patients with blood cancer were taken and digital pictures were taken from the samples with ۱۰۰X optical microscope. Finally, nucleus cells fractal dimension was calculated with box counting method and the obtained data were analyzed through statistical software. Results: Mean fractal dimension of lymphoma type B cell was ۱.۳۶۷± ۰.۰۰۱۱ in healthy subjects and ۱.۳۹۸ ± ۰.۰۰۱۶ in cancer patients. The difference between healthy cells and cancer cells fractal dimension is significant. Conclusion: Fractal dimension measurement can be used to screen cancer cells from healthy cells. The detection point for identification of CLL cancer by fractal dimension method was introduced as ۱.۳ (the middle point of normal cells and cancer cells fractal dimension). In the case of blood cell fractal dimension higher than ۱.۳۸۳, the patient is suspected to have CLL blood cancer.

Keywords:

Fractal dimension , Predict , Detect , CLL Blood Cancer , Box Counting