A Study And Knowledge On The Psychological Aspects Of Autistic Children In The Teaching Of Subjects In Elementary School

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a broad term used to describe a group of neurodevelopmental disorders. Autism is a developmental disorder that appears in the first three years of life. By affecting the child's brain, this disease disrupts social behaviors and communication skills. The actual cause of this disease is not yet known, but studies are being conducted regarding the cause of this disease. Genetics seems to be important. For example, twins are more likely to suffer from this disease than a brother and sister. Chromosomal disorder and neurological problems have been observed in autistic people. Other causes of this disease (which have not yet been proven) include: diet, changes in the digestive tract, mercury poisoning, lack of use of vitamins and minerals, and sensitivity to vaccines. When the discussion of space design for children on the autism spectrum comes up, it is important to pay attention and refer to the knowledge and understanding of how to experience the environment and objects. Describing the potential sensory differences of perception, processing and response is very important because children are able to learn in the mainstream environment. Paying special attention to physical spaces in the design of classrooms and schools increases the importance of the work of architects and designers. Because these spaces are directly related to children's learning. Color, form, surface, dimensions and arrangement of space are among the very important issues that have a direct impact on the mental states of autistic children. The architecture of the space with the knowledge of environmental psychology creates a space in which the child can spend a time without stress and away from tension with high learning due to moral and behavioral characteristics as well as communication weaknesses.

Keywords:

autism , developmental disorder , environmental psychology , the effect of space.