Optimizing the production of transgenic hairy roots of Hyoscyamus reticulatusL. using Agrobacterium tumefaciens C۵۸C۱ strain along with precursor andcarbon nanotubes in bioreactor

Background and Objective: Hyoscyamus reticulatus L. of the Solanaceae family, is one of the importantcommercial sources of tropane alkaloids such as hyoscyamine and scopolamine, which are used asantispasmodic, antifibrotic agents. stiffness, sedation, analgesia, and pupil dilation. To increase theproduction of secondary metabolites in medicinal plants, the use of transgenic hairy roots is a suitablesource for the production of bioactive compounds due to their genetic stability and rapid growth in theenvironment. culture without hormones. In most cases, commercial-scale production of alkaloids is low,so an elicitor or precursor is required to increase production. Bioreactors have an advantage in theproduction of substances in plant tissues because they provide greater control over the mass production ofplant tissue cultures to produce active compounds. biology, the ability to stabilize conditions at differentstages of cell culture, to increase nutrient uptake of conditioned culture, and to increase product yield.Considering the importance of tropane alkaloids in the medical and medical fields, as well as theimportance of using nanoparticles and precursors, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects ofcarbon nanotubes and of phenylalanine precursors for some morphology and biochemistry. characteristicof the hairy roots of reticulated plants.Methods: In this study, after creating hairy roots with the strain C۵۸C۱ carrying the pmt gene ofAgrobacterium rhizogenes, ۲.۵ g of hairy roots were cultured in a bubble bioreactor (۵ liters' capacity)under dark conditions and with different concentrations of treated carbon nanotubes and phenylalanineprecursors. Finally, after root harvesting, characteristics such as antioxidant enzymes and dry and freshweight were evaluated.Results: The finding of this research showed that the use of low concentrations of carbon nanotubes withphenylalanine precursor increased the growth rate of hairy roots. Also, in high concentrations of carbonnanotubes, the activity of antioxidant enzymes such as catalase, guaiacol peroxidase, and ascorbateperoxidase increased.Conclusion: In general, it can be concluded that using carbon nanotubes as a stimulus and phenylalanineas a precursor is an effective way to enhance biomass production and biochemical activity in H.reticulatus hairy roots

Keywords:

Biomass , Carbon nanotubes , Hairy transgenic root , Hyoscyamus reticulatus L. , Phenylalanine