wave forc measurements on single armor unit in reshaping berm breakwaters

economic berm breakwater design requires knowledge of the wave interaction mechanism with the berm breakwater some of the previous works on this issue will be reviewed new model tests have been carried out to measure the wave forces on berm breakwater armor stones before and after reshaping the previous experimental observations and the results of the new test series show that the berm is reshaped to an optimum form an S-form to minimize the wave forces in relation to the redistributed stone sizes along the berm slope.

Keywords:

waves , reshaping , breakwater , force , model test