Possible therapeutic approaches for cardiomyopathy aspect of neuromuscular diseases

Introduction and Objective: Neuromuscular diseases as one of the rife neurological diseases, demand higher consideration in rehabilitation programs. These diseases are often accompanied by life-threaten factors such as cardiovascular and pulmonary dysfunction. In this article cardiomyopathy as one of the reasons for death in some neuromuscular diseases is taken into focus.Method: The protocol of this article is based on PRISMA guidelines along with the CASP checklist. Three databases, including PubMed, Science Direct, and Medline were selected with the keywords of Heart failure, Neurology, Syndromes, medication, and biomarkers. The inclusion criteria were: high-impact articles, peer review journals, and relevant subjects in regard to our work.Result: Cardiomyopathy is reported to be the main risk of death in the following neuromuscular diseases: Spinocerebellar ataxias (SCAs), Friedreich ataxia, Kearns-Sayre syndrome (KSS), Guillain-Barre syndrome, Miller Fisher syndrome, Duchenne muscular dystrophy, and Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy (EDMD). In all of the mentioned diseases, cardiomyopathy detection is somehow challenging, therefore, the level of heart biomarkers could facilitate efficient diagnosis. In this regard, the upregulated level of miRNA-۲۹a and miRNA-۳۳۹-۵p could be considered in diagnosis and therapeutic approaches for cardiomyopathy.Conclusion: Designing antisense oligonucleotides with the aid of bioinformatics tools is a novel method, in which upregulated RNAs could be efficiently decreased. Currently, Tofersen and Nusinersen are successfully designed to alleviate neuromuscular diseases listed as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). In this article key upregulated miRNAs of cardiomyopathies were listed, thus, by targeting these miRNAs efficient drugs could be designed.

Keywords:

Cardiomyopathy , Neuromuscular disease , Treatment , Prevention , miRNA