Introduction: Typhoidal
Salmonella causes an invasive infection resulting in ۲۰۰ ۰۰۰ deaths among ۲۰ million patients annually.
Typhoid remains a public health problem in Southeast Asia, the Indian subcontinent, Africa, and South America. Traveler’s diarrhea caused by
Salmonella is common in Asia. Outbreaks of typhoidal
Salmonella resistant to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in the ۱۹۹۰s pushed therapy to ciprofloxacin which was replaced by ceftriaxone due to fluoroquinolone resistance. Methods: This prospective study characterizes demographical, etiological, and resistance patterns in typhoidal
Salmonella at a ۱۰۰۰-bed teaching hospital in New Delhi, India. Two hundred inpatients in pediatrics, obstetrics-gynecology, medicine, intensive care, and OPD in whom
Salmonella bacteremia was detected were characterized by routine and automated microbiology techniques. Results: The mean age of patients in this study was ۲۱.۴ years. Overall, ۷۱% of patients suffered from
Salmonella Typhi followed by ۲۶% from
Salmonella Paratyphi A. Four cases of
Salmonella resistance to ampicillin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and chloramphenicol were encountered. A high degree of partial and complete resistance to fluoroquinolones was seen among
Salmonella Typhi,
Salmonella Paratyphi A, and
Salmonella Paratyphi B cases. Resistance to ciprofloxacin was ۴۸% among
Salmonella Typhi and ۱۰۰% among
Salmonella Paratyphi A cases. Only ۱۸% of
Salmonella Typhi cases were completely resistant to quinolones, while ۷۹% were partially resistant. A total of ۹۲% of
Salmonella Paratyphi A cases were partially resistant to quinolones. Four
Salmonella cases were resistant to ceftriaxone. Conclusion:
Salmonella Typhi remains the predominant serotype, followed by
Salmonella Paratyphi A. The high prevalence of quinolone resistance in
Salmonella Typhi and
Salmonella Paratyphi A is a serious problem limiting empirical therapy to non-quinolone-based therapy such as ceftriaxone. Multidrug-resistant
Salmonella is an emerging problem requiring active surveillance among residents and travelers presenting with tropical fever.