Preterm birth: causes and complications observed in tertiary care hospitals

The main aim of the study was to identify factors associated with preterm birth. The study was conducted for a period of ۶ months from September ۲۰۱۹ to February ۲۰۲۰ in ۱۶۰۷ women at SVS Medical College and Hospital, and Sushrutha Hospital, Mahabubnagar and it eventually selected ۸۰ pregnant women for the final experiment. Those pregnant women who had pre-eclampsia, intrahepatic cholestasis during pregnancy, placenta previa or chorioamnionitis were more likely to experience pre-term birth. A patient interview was conducted in a detailed manner and all the necessary information regarding the mother and the infant were collected to carry out the study.  Among ۸۰ patients, collected the highest number of ۳۹ cases i.e. ۴۹% in between the age group of ۱۷-۲۳ years and the least number of cases therefore ۱۹ i.e. ۲۴% in between the age group of ۳۵-۴۵ years. We studied that maternal variable such as social status and educational status also impacts deliveries. Alcoholics had the highest number of very pre-term deliveries i.e., ۳۶.۲۵%. And among undergraduates, moderate preterm deliveries were a predominant number, i.e. ۳۸.۷۵%. Among the cases collected, ۲۲.۵% of women who have previous abortions had the highest number of preterm births with ۳۱ cases and ۵% of women with thyroid had the least number of pre-term births. ۴۱% of preemie births were observed in the gestational gap of < ۱۸ months, while ۲۴% were recorded in > ۳۰ months. In between two types of deliveries, ۶۹% of preemie births were observed in the cesarean section and normal delivery includes ۳۱%. The results of our study reveal that there is a need to assess the causes and complications among pregnant women who are at risk of delivering a premature baby. We have concluded that counseling the patients about their risk factors is necessary, and the patients should be told that harmful social habits will have a huge impact on their baby, before or after the delivery.

Keywords:

gestational age , prematurity , Low Birth Weight , oligohydramnios , polyhydramnios , immature genitalia , neonatal deaths