اثر کودهای زیستی بر برخی خصوصیات کمی و کیفی ماشک مراغه (Vicia sp.) در شرایط دیم و آبیاری تکمیلی

This factorial experiment was done as a complete randomized block design with three replications at Urmia University in two years (۲۰۱۶ and ۲۰۱۷). Experimental treatments included once supplemental irrigation and dry farming as the first factor and application of biofertilizers in eight levels, Control (non-application of fertilizer), Mycorrhizal fungus (Rhizophagus intraradices), Azotobacter, Thiobacillus, Azotobacter+mycorrhiza (R. intraradices), Thiobacillus+mycorrhiza (R. intraradices), Azotobacter+ Thiobacillus, Azotobacter+Thiobacillus+Mycorrhizal fungus (R. intraradices)} were the second factor. The results showed that supplementary irrigation increased the number of pods per plant, seed phosphorus content and leaf relative humidity. The high percentage of potassium and protein were obtained in farming condition. Also, the number of pods per plant, the percentage of phosphorus, potassium and protein content of seeds and leaf relative humidity increased significantly due to the application of biological fertilizers. Thus, the combined application of mycorrhizal + Azotobacter treatment increased the number of pods per plant, the percentage of phosphorus, potassium and protein of seeds and content of leaf relative humidity by ۱۵.۵۵%, ۳۴.۲۵%, ۲۰.۲۲%, and ۱۷.۰۴%, respectively, as compared to the Control. Maximum colonization percentage (۶۳.۴۵%), biological yield (۴۹۸۶.۵ kg.ha-۱), grain yield (۱۸۷۳.۲۹ kg.ha-۱) and protein yield (۵۰۳ kg.ha-۱) were obtained under supplementary irrigation and combined application mycorrhizal fungus and Azotobacter. Therefore, according to the findings of this research, the combined use of biological fertilizers to increase yield and maintain long-term production in an Agroforestry system under rain-fed conditions can be desirable for sustainable agriculture.

Keywords:

ازتوباکتر , تیوباسیلوس , جنگل زراعی , کشاورزی پایدار , میکوریزا