Reconceptualising Religion : A Philosophical Critique of Religious Studies as Cultural Studies

Publish Year: 1388
نوع سند: مقاله ژورنالی
زبان: English
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JR_JOP-7-2_002

تاریخ نمایه سازی: 6 آبان 1402

Abstract:

The aim of my argument (۱) is to reconceptualise what is now called religious studies as the study of institutionalised values, and the relation between values and the legitimation of power in a specific society. Though I do not talk much about power here, it is always a fundamental issue in the study of specific social groups.The first assumption which I make in this paper is that the way analytical concepts are or are not used is important. Nothing is ever perfect but fuzzy, ambiguous and contradictory concepts can create false problems and false understanding. We work with guiding notions the whole time: if they are left unclarified they are dangerous. If they are made explicit, we can see where we stand in relation to a particular writer. We can see how s/he is using a key word and we can agree or disagree.

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  • We need working definitions as part of our methodology. Definitions ...
  • But in my view we have to develop a new ...
  • There is an understandable instinct for western scholars who come ...
  • Yet at the same time the word religion is actually ...
  • Sometimes authors write about the religion of a society which ...
  • Somebody might reasonably claim against me that, where there is ...
  • Let us turn to Hinduism, which in many books over ...
  • There are less than three pages on caste. The section ...
  • A similar criticism can be made of R.C. Zaehner in ...
  • And he says that Hinduism is"as much a social system ...
  • My own research in India has been on Buddhism and ...
  • For example, I cannot simply study the soteriology and imagine ...
  • To understand at all what is happening in this situation ...
  • If one looks at any specific situation, for example agricultural ...
  • What I have come to suppose I am studying are ...
  • One can only understand this 'Buddhism' in Maharashtra in the ...
  • Again, to study the Buddhists without putting their value for ...
  • In a way these points seem obvious, and religion departments ...
  • Let me now turn to the case of Japan. The ...
  • But then Mitake Hitoshi, in his article on Folk religion, ...
  • Mituo Tomikura, writing about Confucianism, says:"Confucianism has exercised an enormous ...
  • Tamaru Noriyoshi's account of Japanese Buddhism does not claim it ...
  • Probably, an argument about which of these elements is more ...
  • The point I am making here is that the elusive ...
  • This same point is, I think, further clarified by considering ...
  • Paul Swanson, in his introduction to Part ۱ (Japanese Religiosity), ...
  • I will argue that Swanson's (and Kuroda's) point is too ...
  • To take one example: Shugendo rituals, Mahikari rituals, rituals performed ...
  • My suggestion is that an analysis of the symbolic or ...
  • A concept of religion defined by doctrines concerning the supernatural, ...
  • I argue that the adoption of a concept of cultural ...
  • An important aspect of my proposal is that temples, shrines, ...
  • I suggest, following Chie Nakane, that one important (probably fundamental) ...
  • The ideological priority of the hierarchical relationship over the individual ...
  • This way of looking at Japanese values and their ritualisation ...
  • The Soto Zen sect, as described by Reader in a ...
  • Attempts to redefine the concept of religion to take the ...
  • If one actually looks at what religion scholars are studying, ...
  • Therefore I am arguing for a clear and open distinction ...
  • There is a fairly simple idea underlying the complexities of ...
  • It is this disguised connection with a theological agenda which ...
  • I suggest that many scholars who happen to be employed ...
  • My argument then is that the only thing the continued ...
  • (۱)In this paper I give a summary of the argument ...
  • (۲)One recent book worth considering in this context is Fred ...
  • (۳)See:Stewart Sutherland et al. eds. , ۱۹۸۸ The World's Religions, ...
  • (۴)I have discussed this and the following book, and the ...
  • (۵)See for details: Brian K. Smith, ۱۹۸۷ 'Exorcising the Transcendent: ...
  • (۷)I have discussed this book and these Japanese issues in ...
  • (۸)See: W. Edwards, ۱۹۸۹, Modern Japan through its Weddings: Gender, ...
  • (۹)Two people who have adopted this strategy are Ninian Smart ...
  • (۱۰)See my article 'Hinduism and the World Religion Fallacy' (see ...
  • (۱۱)Wilfred Cantwell Smith, despite his theological agenda, has given an ...
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