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فرآیندهای شناختی ضمنی و سوگیری توجه به سمت رفتارهای اعتیادی: معرفی، ساخت و کاربرد آزمون استروپ اعتیاد

Publish place: Journal of Fundamentals of Mental Health، Vol: 12، Issue: 45
Publish Year: 1389
نوع سند: مقاله ژورنالی
زبان: Persian
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لینک ثابت به این Paper:
https://civilica.com/doc/1798945

شناسه ملی سند علمی:

JR_JFMH-12-45_001

تاریخ نمایه سازی: 8 آبان 1402

Abstract:

سوءمصرف مواد به عنوان مشکلی جهانی، نظریه ها و پژوهش های بی شماری را برانگیخته است. روش ها و آزمون های بسیاری برای سنجش عوامل و جنبه های آشکار و پنهان رفتارهای اعتیادی معرفی شده اند.  هدف از مقاله ی حاضر مرور نظریه ها و پژوهش هایی است که تلاش کرده اند تا ماهیت کنترل ناپذیر رفتار اعتیادی را تبیین کنند. در این بین، دیدگاه های مختلف در خصوص شکل گیری فرآیندهای شناختی خودکار، طبقه بندی و روش های سنجش این فرآیندها توصیف شده اند. متن: آزمون استروپ اعتیاد بیش از سایر آزمون ها برای سنجش شناخت های ضمنی، به خصوص سوگیری توجه به محرک های اعتیاد استفاده شده است. در توصیف این آزمون، پس از توضیح زوایای مختلف آزمون استروپ کلاسیک، نسخه های کاغذی و رایانه ای و نحوه ی ساخت آن ها توصیف و عمدتا" بر ساخت آزمون استروپ اعتیاد با استفاده از فن آوری رایانه ای تاکید شده است. با استناد به دیدگاه های نظری و منابع و پژوهش های موجود، نکات فنی و مهمی که پ‍‍‍ژوهشگران می باید در ساخت آزمون های معتبر استروپ اعتیاد رعایت کنند بیان شده اند. نتیجه گیری: حجم روزافزونی از تحقیقات بر اهمیت شناخت های ضمنی و فرآیندهای خودکار در تصمیمات مربوط به مصرف مواد تاکید می کنند. بدین ترتیب فنون سنجش فرآیندهای خودکاری نظیر سوگیری توجه نیز اهمیت یافته اند. فنون متعددی برای سوگیری توجه به سمت محرک های اعتیادی وجود دارند. بذل دقت کافی به ویژگی های خاص استروپ اعتیاد، بر روایی و اعتبار آن به عنوان مقیاسی از سوگیری توجه اعتیادی می افزاید.

Keywords:

Authors

جواد صالحی فدردی

استادیار گروه روان شناسی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد

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