The Relationship Between Spiritual Health, Positive Thinking, Type D Personality, and Health Promoting Lifestyle With Death Anxiety

Background and Aim: The present study was conducted to investigate the relationship between spiritual health, positive thinking, type D personality, and health-promoting lifestyle with death anxiety in heart failure patients. Materials and Methods: This research was analytical-cross-sectional conducted in ۲۰۲۲. The statistical population included all heart failure patients in Yazd city, Iran, in ۲۰۲۱. A sample of ۲۰۰ people with heart failure disease was selected using the convenience sampling method. The data collection tools in this research included Poltzen-Wallis’s (۱۹۸۲) spiritual health questionnaire, Ingram and Wisnicki’s positive thinking questionnaire, personality type D questionnaire, Walker’s health-promoting lifestyle questionnaire, and Templer’s death anxiety questionnaire. The data were examined and analyzed using correlation and regression analysis. SPSS software, version ۲۶ was used to analyze the data. Results: The results showed that spiritual health, positive thinking, type D personality, and health-enhancing lifestyle reduce death anxiety in heart failure patients and the relationship between the variables is positive and significant. Conclusion: The results indicate that the higher the level of spiritual health, positive thinking, D personality type, and health-enhancing lifestyle among heart failure patients, the less death anxiety, and the higher the mental health of the patients, the better their quality of life.

Keywords:

Spiritual therapies , Optimism , Type D personality , Anxiety , Heart failure