Incidence of Bladder Cancer at a Tertiary Care Centre in North Karnataka

Background: Understanding the prevalence, clinical characteristics, and changing demographics of Indian bladder cancer (BC) has emerged as an important field of study. Herein, we aimed to present the case series of BC patients of a single tertiary care centre in North Karnataka.Method: This retrospective study was designed for ۱۴ years from ۲۰۰۴ to ۲۰۱۷, conducted in the urology clinic. A total of ۴۶۸ newly diagnosed BC patients (male = ۴۱۵; female = ۵۳) were included in the study. Sociodemographic, clinical characteristics, cystoscopic, and pathological findings were recorded and analyzed via IBM SPSS statistics software Inc. version ۲۰.۰.Results: The mean age of the patients was male = ۶۲.۲۷ years and female = ۵۴.۲۲ years. Hematuria was a common clinical symptom in both genders accounting for ۴۲.۰۲ versus ۴۵.۲۸% of the male and female subjects, respectively. Transition cell carcinoma (TCC) was the common variant seen in the male and female participants (۹۲.۹۹ versus ۹۴.۸۸%, respectively). Low-grade cancer was found in patients with >۶۰ years of age in ۳۹.۷% versus ۴۲.۱% of respectively the males and females (P = ۰.۰۰۲) as compared to the patients <۶۰ years. Non-muscle invasive BC in the males and females was respectively ۵۵.۴۲% versus ۵۲.۸۳%, whereas muscle-invasive cancer was ۴۴.۵۷% versus ۴۷.۱۶% respectively in the two groups (P = ۰.۰۰۸). ۵۳ patients (۲۹.۲۲%) in the both genders received transurethral resection/intravesical Bacilli Calmette-Guerin therapy, which showed a significant improvement (P = ۰.۰۱۹).Conclusion: Transition cell carcinoma was found to remain the predominant type of BC with painless hematuria in North Karnataka population. This has seriously affected the public health; this trend is expected to be continued due to the high prevalence of smoking. There should be further emphasis on primary prevention of BC by conducting smoking cessation awareness programs.

Keywords:

Incidence , Urinary bladder neoplasms , Sociodemographic , Clinical characteristics , Tertiary care centre