The Effect of Training Based on the Self-Efficacy Model on the Quality of Life of Patients with Stroke

Background: Stroke is one of the major causes of inability in adults and the elderly. The chronic complications and the problems resulting from this disease have significant effects on the quality of life of these patients and result in diminished self-efficacy of the affected individuals. The present research was conducted with the aim of determining the effect of self-efficacy training on the quality of life and self-efficacy of patients with stroke. Methods: This is a quasi-experimental study with a control group. The study population included ischemic stroke patients among which, a sample of ۸۰ people were chosen according to the inclusion criteria through a convenience sampling method. They were then assigned randomly into intervention and control groups (۴۰ subjects each). For the intervention group, a training program based on the self-efficacy model was presented in five sessions, but in the control group, only routine hospital cares were provided. In order to collect data, the stroke-specific quality of life scale, whose validity and reliability were measured and confirmed, was used. The data were analyzed by SPSS ۱۶ at descriptive and analytical statistical levels (independent t test, paired t test, and analysis of variance). Results: The findings indicated that there was no significant difference in the quality of life between the two groups before the training (P > ۰.۰۰۵). However, following the training, a significant difference was observed in the quality of life of patients with stroke between the intervention and control groups (P < ۰.۰۰۵). The results of this research indicated that the quality of life and its components in stroke patients had a greater mean value following training in the intervention group than in the control group. Conclusions: Implementing self-efficacy training programs can result in the enhanced quality of life and self-efficacy among patients with stroke. Since the promotion of self-efficacy in patients with chronic disease is important, it is suggested that educational programs are also held for other patients with chronic diseases. Keywords: Patients, Stroke, Quality of Life, Self-Efficacy