A Study of Genetic Structure of Rutilus frisii kutum in Anzali Lagoon, Using Microsatellite Markers

Mechanical damage due to harvesting, handling, and other processes is an important factor that affects the seeds quality. Seed damage results in lower grain value and more storability problem and reduces seed germination and seedling vigor and subsequent yield of crops. Tests were conducted to determine the percentage of physical damage (PPD) and percentage of loss in germination (PLG) of wheat seeds due to impact. The effect of wheat seed cultivar and impact velocity was determined. Wheat seed cultivars selected for testing included: Kohdasht, Maron, Simereh, Sardari and Zagros. Four impact velocities: ۱۰, ۲۰, ۳۰ and ۴۰ m s-۱ were used. Results showed that effects of impact velocity and seed cultivar on seed damages were significant. PPD to seeds was higher than PLG in higher impact velocities. It found that the total damage of seeds increased from ۴.۱۷% (۰.۴۸ PPD and ۳.۶۸ PLG) to ۷۳.۳۲ % (۴۷.۵۹ PPD and ۲۵.۷۳ PLG) as impact velocity increased from ۱۰ to ۴۰ m s-۱ for all wheat cultivars studied. Impact results indicated that Sardari wheat cultivar was more susceptible to PPD (۲۷.۳۹ %), while Maron seeds were more susceptible to PLG (۱۴.۷۰%). Among the cultivars studied, Sardari wheat seeds showed the highest level of total damage i.e.sum of PPD and PLG.

Keywords:

Microsatellite , Caspian Sea kutum , Genetic structure , Heterozygosity