Responses of broad bean to water polluted with three solid raw dyes

Textile dye wastes are significant sources of pollution on a global scale. Numerous plants may survive and degrade various forms of poisons in contaminated settings. To survey broad bean (Vicia faba L.) tolerance to three types of dye (Acid Yellow, Acid Red, Direct Blue) at five concentrations (۰, ۳۰, ۵۰, ۷۰, and ۹۰ mg/L) during three growing stages (seedling, pre-flowering, flowering), a greenhouse experiment was conducted at the University of Tabriz in ۲۰۲۰. The dye type did not affect the number of pods, fresh roots weight, leaf area, root length, proline content, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzyme activity. The control treatment had the highest pods (۳.۲۲ numbers per plant), the maximum leaf area (۱۳۳۸۰ mm۲), and the heaviest root fresh weight (۹.۴۰ g per plant). The number of pods per plant decreased by ۴۲.۰۵, ۴۰.۰۱, and ۱۹.۳۰ percent in the Direct Blue, Acid Red, and Acid Yellow, respectively, compared to the control. Increasing the dye concentration decreased the pod number, leaf area, and root fresh weight. SOD activity and proline content increased at the dye concentration of ۹۰ mg/L. Tolerance to maximum dye concentration by broad bean plants and increasing SOD activity and proline content showed that this plant could survive this stressful condition. These findings allow us to propose broad bean as an efficient phytoremediation species.

Keywords:

Broad bean , dye concentration , dye type , Proline , Superoxide dismutase