Comparative efficacy of combined oral contraceptive capsules and vitamin D–combined oral contraceptive capsules on ovulatory dysfunction: A randomized clinical trial

Mahdis Chegini , Khadije Hajizade , Azize Farshbaf , Fateme Lalooha , Mahnaz Shahnazi  Background: Food intake and metabolism might play central roles in causing and treating menstrual disorders. Vitamin D may lead to the improvement of folliculogenesis through anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH). This study aimed to compare the effect of vitamin D intake with that of the combined oral contraceptive (COC) capsules on ovulatory dysfunction. Methods: This study was conducted on ۶۰ eligible women referred to Kowsar Qazvin Hospital with a complaint of abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB). They had a history of excessive, long, and irregular bleeding. The participants in the control and intervention groups received ۱ oral LD capsule and a combination of vitamin D and LD capsules on a daily basis for ۳ months, respectively. The menstrual bleeding volume, the number of menstrual days, and the menstrual cycle length were evaluated before, during, and after the intervention. The Mann-Whitney U test, Friedman test, independent t test, and Cochran Q test were used in SPSS version ۲۴ for data analysis. P values less than ۰.۰۵ were considered statistically significant. Results: The menstrual bleeding intensity decreased significantly in the intervention group (vitamin D–LD capsule; P = ۰.۰۰۱). Over time, both intervention and control groups showed a significant improvement in the number of menstrual days and menstrual cycle length, resulting in a more normal menstrual cycle. However, these ۲ parameters remained more natural in the intervention group, a finding which did not indicate any significant differences. Conclusion: Vitamin D can be used along with LD capsules as a supplementary treatment to lessen menstrual bleeding intensity.

Keywords:

combined oral contraceptive , abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) , menstrual bleeding , vitamin D