The Effect of Bio Fertilizers, Manure and Chemical Fertilizer on Quantity and Quality of Essential Oil of Hyssop (Hyssopus officinalis L.)

Hyssop is one of the medicinal plants that have many properties and benefits for the health of the body. Hyssop is an annual plant and often grows along roadsides. Hyssop leaves and green stems contain many bioactive compounds such as rosemary and Caffeic acid along with pinion, beta-pinna, limonene, pinoamophone and isopinocampone, tannins, glycosides, flavonoids, and essential oils. It is found that it can be produced purely by steam distillation from crushed leaves and stems. In this study, different bio fertilizers, chemical fertilizers, and manure were applied to find out their effects on the growth and active substances of Hyssop. Essential oils of Hyssop aerial parts were obtained by hydrodistillation and analysed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS).  Essential oil percent was maximum (۱.۶۶ %) by application of N۵۰P۴۰K۵۰ fertilizer and there was not any significant difference compared to control treatments. The highest value of oil yield (۵.۳۸۹ kg.ha-۱) was achieved on cow manure treatment which increased oil yield compared to control (۳.۷۱۸ kg.ha-۱). The highest value of Iso pinocamphone (۴۳.۳۲%) was obtained from plants that received N۵۰P۴۰K۵۰ fertilizer compare to the control treatment (۳۹.۳۲%).  Control treatment had the highest value of Pinocamphone (۱۴.۱۱%) compared with cattle manure treatment (۱۱.۵۹%).

Keywords:

Manure , Hyssop , essential oil , essential oil yield , biofertilizers