Investigation of the Inhibition Activity of Aluminium Oxide Nanoparticles for Herpes Simplex Type ۱

Several studies have shown that Herpes simplex type ۱ )HSV-۱ (is one of the viruses resistant to medications, so potential antiherpetic agents need to be evaluated. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of Aluminum Oxide Nanoparticles (Al۲O۳-NPs) on HSV-۱ infection. Characterization of Al۲O۳-NPs was performed using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). The MTT test was used to investigate the toxicity action of Al۲O۳-NPs on viable cells. Quantitative Real-Time PCR (qRT-PCR)and TCID۵۰ assays were used to achieve the antiherpetic performance Al۲O۳-NPs.Indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) was performed to determine the inhibitory impact of Al۲O۳-NPs on viral antigen expression, and acyclovir was utilized as a standard agent in all tests. HSV-۱ subjected to Al۲O۳-NPs at the maximum non-toxic concentration (۱۰۰ μg / mL) leads to a decrease of ۰.۱, ۰.۷, ۱.۸, and ۲.۵ log۱۰ TCID۵۰ in the infectious titer relative to virus control (P<۰.۰۰۰۱). This concentration of Al۲O۳-NPs was correlated with ۱۶.۹%, ۴۷.۱ %, ۶۱.۲ %, ۷۲.۵ % and ۷۴.۶ % inhibition rates, calculated based on HSV-۱ viral load compared to virus control. Our results have shown that Al۲O۳-NPs have a robust antiviral activity against HSV-۱. This function demonstrates excellent potential for using Al۲O۳-NP in topical formulations for treating orolabial or genital herpetic lesions.

Keywords:

Herpes simplex virus type ۱ , Aluminum oxide nanoparticles , Real-time PCR , antiviral activity , Indirect immunofluorescence assay