Aerobic Bacterial Vaginosis and Lactobacillus Species Associated with Cytomegalovirus in Abortion

Abortion is a common complication in the life cycle of pregnancy. Based on the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, spontaneous abortion is defined as the expulsion of an embryo or the extraction of a fetus at the age of ۲۰-۲۲ weeks of pregnancy. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between socioeconomic factors and bacterial vaginosis (BV) in women having an abortion. As a secondary aim, it attempted to detect common bacteria that cause vaginosis associated with miscarriage and are related to Cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Lactobacillus species (spp.). A total of ۱۱۳ high vaginal swabs were taken from women having an abortion. Some variables that have been investigated in this study include age, education, and infection. After the vaginal discharge collection, the smear was prepared. Afterward, one or two drops of normal saline solution were put on the prepared smear with a cover slip, and then, they were examined under a microscope. Gram stain kits (Hi-media, India), were used to differentiate between the shapes of bacterial isolates. The wet mount technique was then utilized for the detection of Trichomonas vaginalis and aerobic BV. All the samples were used for smear gram staining and were cultured on blood agar, chocolate agar, as well as MacConkey agar. Biochemical examinations performed on suspicious cultures included the Urease test, Oxidase test, Coagulase test, and Catalase test. In the present study, the participants’ age ranged from ۱۴ to ۴۵ years. Women aged ۲۴-۳۴ years had a high rate of miscarriage, determined at ۴۸ (۴۲.۵%), which was considered a high incidence rate. The results showed that ۲۸.۶% of the studied population experienced abortion once and ۷۱.۴% of them experienced it twice due to aerobic BV. The recorded data also revealed that ۵۰% of the studied population, who were infected with CMV or Trichomonas vaginalis, experienced abortion once and the other ۵۰% experienced it twice. From ۱۰۲ samples infected with Lactobacillus spp., ۴۵.۱۷% experienced abortion once and ۴۲.۲% experienced it twice.

Keywords:

Bacterial vaginosis , recurrent miscarriage , type of contraceptive , vaginal discharge