Effect of MTHFR A۱۲۹۸C Gene Polymorphism on Acute Coronary Syndrome

BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Acute coronary syndrome is a manifestation of CVD. In Indonesia, limited studies have been conducted on genetics as a potential risk factor for acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Consequently, this study aimed to examine the effect of the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) A۱۲۹۸C gene polymorphism on the incidence of ACS.METHODS: The study employed a case-control design. Outpatients from the cardiology and internal medicine clinics at the University of Airlangga (UNAIR) Hospital in Surabaya, Indonesia, constituted the study population. The case group comprised ۶۰ patients with a history of ACS, while the control group consisted of ۳۰ patients without a history of cardiovascular complaints. MTHFR A۱۲۹۸۰C gene polymorphism examination was performed using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR RFLP) method at the Tropical Disease Center UNAIR Laboratory.RESULTS: Among the ACS group, ۲۹ (۴۸.۱%), ۱۳ (۲۱.۷%), and ۱۸ (۳۰%) of the individuals had AA, AC, and CC genotype patterns, respectively. In the control group, ۱۶ individuals had AA (۵۳.۳%), ۶ AC (۲۰%), and ۸ CC (۲۶.۷%). The C allele variant was identified in ۴۱% of the ACS group and ۳۷% of the control group. The odds ratio (OR) for the incidence of ACS was ۱.۱۹۵ (۹۵% confidence interval [CI]; ۰.۳۸۱-۳.۷۵۲), ۱.۲۴۱ (۹۵% CI; ۰.۴۸۱-۳.۴۸۶), and ۱.۲۲۲ (۹۵% CI; ۰.۳۸۱-۳.۷۵۲). Chi-square analysis revealed no association between MTHFR A۱۲۹۸C gene polymorphism and the incidence of ACS (p > ۰.۰۵).CONCLUSIONS: MTHFR A۱۲۹۸C gene polymorphism did not significantly affect ACS incidence.

Keywords:

Cardiovascular Disease , Risk Factors , Genetic , Polymerase chain reaction , Restriction fragment length polymorphism