Determining the Prevalence of Primary Lung Malignancies by Histopathological Types and Gender: A Five-year Study

Objectives: The high incidence of lung cancer and its poor prognosis have led to significant health problems in recent decades. This research aimed to study the prevalence of histopathological types of primary lung malignancies, focusing on treatment plans and their effective causes.  Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study employed a census method over ۵ years (۲۰۱۶-۲۰۲۱). A total of ۵۶۷ diagnosed cases of primary malignant tumors of the lung were extracted from the department’s records. Then, their slides were reviewed according to WHO ۲۰۰۴ histological classification of lung tumors and entered into the checklist.  Results: In this study, there were ۵۶۷ lung malignancies, of which ۴۳۴(۷۷.۱%) affected male patients and ۱۳۰(۲۲.۹%) female patients, with a mean age of ۶۶.۱±۱۲.۳ years. The most common tumors among men and women were adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma (۲۵.۶% and ۹.۳%, respectively). Among the clinical symptoms, shortness of breath was the most common (۲۴.۷%). Cough with shortness of breath (۲۴.۲%), hemoptysis (۱۰.۹%), and weight loss (۶.۵%) were other clinically common manifestations. Chemotherapy had the highest treatment frequency (۶۳.۳%). Moreover, ۴۳۲ patients (۷۹.۲%) had a history of smoking, ۱۴۳(۲۵.۲%) reported a history of drug use, and ۳۰.۷% died of the cancer, resulting in a survival rate of ۶۹.۳%. Discussion: The results of the present study showed that the most common tumors were adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma, and their prevalence was higher in men than women during the study period. Furthermore, lung cancer treatment is usually not associated with the desired results, and the prognosis of lung cancer is still poor.

Keywords:

Types , Histopathology , Primary malignancies , Lung