Investigation and Comparison of Four Different Discourses in Sociology and Iranian Society

The emergence of hermeneutics and the significance of meaning in the social sciences opened new horizons for the state and society. This study aims to compare the established discourses in sociology and Iranian society as, on the one hand, the emergence of discourse theory and the emphasis on the fluidity of meaning and action has led to the formation of four discourses in sociology, and on the other hand, there is no comprehensive study of the Iranian society in the context of the mentioned discourses. As shown by the characteristics and analysis of these four different periods, the constitutional era was introduced as having a strong society and a weak government. Then the nationalization of the Iranian oil industry, the reign of Reza Shah, and the contemporary era were introduced as periods with strong state and society, weak society and strong state, and small state and active society, respectively. It is noteworthy that all the salient features of strength (active) and weakness (passive) are considered to achieve more objective analyses.

Keywords:

Discourses , Sociology , Iran society , Hermeneutics , Laclau , Mouffe’s