Chemical composition and antioxidant activities of different parts of Ficus sur

Introduction: Ficus sur is a plant widely used in traditional pharmacopoeia in Togo. So, this study aimed the assessment of antioxidant properties and identification of some compounds from the ethanolic extracts of different parts of the plant (leaves, fruits, roots, and barks).Methods: The phenolic and flavonoid contents of the ethanolic extracts of different organs of Ficus sur were assessed using conventional known methods. The DPPH radical scavenging and the ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays were used to highlight the antioxidant activities. The different extract samples were also analysed by liquid chromatography coupled to a quadrupole-time of flight mass detector (ESI-QTOF).Results: Total phenolic contents (TPCs) for ۱ mg of dry extract ranged from ۴۸۹.۴۰ ± ۷.۴۸ μg GAE (gallic acid equivalents) for the bark to ۶۲.۳۴ ± ۲.۶۶ μg GAE for unripe fruits. The bark exhibited the highest flavonoid content, which was closed to ۹۰.۲۰ ± ۳.۷۲ μg QE (quercetin equivalents)/mg of dry extract. The radical scavenging activities of the bark and unripe fruits were ۵۶.۵۰ ± ۰.۲۹ and ۷.۳ ± ۰.۳۰ μg QE/mg of dry extract, respectively. In the same order, the FRAP values of the two organs were ۱۰۴.۵۷ ± ۴.۷۵ and ۱۹.۶۱ ± ۰.۲۲ μmol FeSO۴ Eq/mg of dry extract. Many compounds including notoginsenoside R۱۰; ۴’,۵,۷-trihydroxyflavan-۳-ol; catechin; and boviquinone ۴ were identified.Conclusion: The various organs of Ficus sur are a source of bioactive compounds especially phenolic compounds and flavonoids with antioxidant activity.