The effect of eight weeks of high-intensity interval training on the expression of mir-۱۲۶, EMAP-II, and levels of TGF-β in the heart tissue of young rats with type ۲ diabetes

Background and aims: Diabetes affects some cardiac angiogenic and antiangiogenic markers. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of eight weeks of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on mir-۱۲۶, endothelial monocyte-activating polypeptide II (EMAP-II), and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) in young rats with type ۲ diabetes (T۲D). Methods: The statistical population of this experimental study included young rats (۸ weeks old) with T۲D. In this research, ۲۴ young rats (۸ weeks old) were divided into healthy+HIIT, diabetic+HIIT, and healthy control groups. The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method was used to measure TGF-β and the real-time polymerase chain reaction for mir-۱۲۶ and EMAP-II. A one-way analysis of variance and the least significant difference post hoc test were used to compare the two groups. Results: The results showed diabetes+HIIT and healthy+HIIT had more mir-۱۲۶ compared to healthy control (P=۰.۰۰۱). Healthy+HIIT, in comparison to diabetes+HIIT, had higher mir-۱۲۶ expression (P=۰.۰۰۱). In addition, diabetes+HIIT, compared to the healthy control, had a higher EMAP-II expression (P=۰.۰۰۶). On the other hand, healthy+HIIT had lower EMAP-II in comparison to healthy control (P=۰.۰۰۱). Healthy+HIIT had a lower EMAP-II compared to diabetes+HIIT (P=۰.۰۰۱). Diabetes+HIIT, in comparison to the healthy control, had higher TGF-β levels (P=۰.۰۰۵). However, healthy+HIIT, compared to healthy control, had a lower expression of TGF-β (P=۰.۰۰۱). Finally, the healthy+HIIT groups, compared to the diabetes+HIIT group, had a lower TGF-β expression (P=۰.۰۰۱). Conclusion: Interval exercise could increase angiogenesis in diabetic samples through the increase of mir-۱۲۶ and the reduction of TGF-β۱ and EMAP-II.