Soybean maturity groups and growth habits in Esfahan conditions

Knowledge of the vegetative and reproductive characteristics of soybean cultivars with different growth habits and maturity groups is essential for the selection of a suitable variety as well as for providing conditions for their growth. In ۲۰۰۸ at a field located in Kholenjan of Esfahan, Iran, nine indeterminate type cultivars of different maturity groups, namely Williams, Wood Worth, Hack, Zane, Black Hawk, Bonus, Steel, S.R.F. and Harcor and one determinate cultivar belonging to maturity group III namely Hobbit, in a complete randomized block design with four replications were evaluated. Indeterminate cultivars and higher maturity group cultivar produced more dry matter. Generally indeterminate cultivars with later maturity had longer main stem and more node, pods and seeds. The determinate cultivar had more lateral branches, and more pods and seed per pod. However, these traits did not show any trend in different maturity groups. Height of the first pod from the ground surface in indeterminate cultivars was higher than of indeterminate ones. Number of pods per main stem nodes, number of seeds per pod in the lateral stems and number of nodes per lateral branches show no significant difference among cultivars. Classification of cultivars based on the above characteristics showed that cultivars with different growth habit had basic differences and some cultivars showed some similarity to maturity groups which did not exist in the present study.Knowledge of the vegetative and reproductive characteristics of soybean cultivars with different growth habits and maturity groups is essential for the selection of a suitable variety as well as for providing conditions for their growth. In ۲۰۰۸ at a field located in Kholenjan of Esfahan, Iran, nine indeterminate type cultivars of different maturity groups, namely Williams, Wood Worth, Hack, Zane, Black Hawk, Bonus, Steel, S.R.F. and Harcor and one determinate cultivar belonging to maturity group III namely Hobbit, in a complete randomized block design with four replications were evaluated. Indeterminate cultivars and higher maturity group cultivar produced more dry matter. Generally indeterminate cultivars with later maturity had longer main stem and more node, pods and seeds. The determinate cultivar had more lateral branches, and more pods and seed per pod. However, these traits did not show any trend in different maturity groups. Height of the first pod from the ground surface in indeterminate cultivars was higher than of indeterminate ones. Number of pods per main stem nodes, number of seeds per pod in the lateral stems and number of nodes per lateral branches show no significant difference among cultivars. Classification of cultivars based on the above characteristics showed that cultivars with different growth habit had basic differences and some cultivars showed some similarity to maturity groups which did not exist in the present study.

Keywords:

Growth habit , Maturity group , Soybean , Yield , Yield components