COVID-۱۹ among heart failure patients: A retrospective study of ۲۹۴ patients at a referral cardiac center in northern Iran

Cardiovascular disease, especially heart failure (HF), is the most important comorbidity that increases the risk of death in COVID-۱۹ patients. This study aimed to assess and compare demographic characteristics, clinical features, and clinical outcomes in HF patients with and without COVID-۱۹. Using a retrospective research, ۲۹۴ patients with HF referred to a cardiac center in Guilan province, northern Iran were enrolled. Data were collected using census sampling from August ۲۰۲۰ to ۲۰۲۱. In this study, the medical records of all patients with HF were assessed. In this research, ۲۹۴ HF patients were enrolled. Also, ۲۶.۵۳% of HF patients had COVID-۱۹. Mean EF, blood pressure, and HF duration in HF patients with COVID-۱۹ were ۲۵.۸۳ (SD=۱۲.۳۱), ۱۲۶.۶۵ (SD=۲۴.۶۷) mmHg, and ۳.۷۹ (SD=۲.۱۰) years, respectively. The most common symptoms in HF patients with COVID-۱۹ were cough (۵۲.۵۶%), headache (۴۴.۸۷%), and gastrointestinal problems (۴۳.۵۹%), respectively. Finally, ۵۵.۱۳% of HF patients with COVID-۱۹ died. The mean age of HF patients with COVID-۱۹ was higher than in HF patients without COVID-۱۹ (۶۶.۰۲ vs. ۶۲.۷۹ years; P=۰.۰۳۱). Hyperlipidemia was higher in HF patients with COVID-۱۹ than in HF patients without COVID-۱۹ (۲۵.۶۴% vs. ۱۳.۸۹%; P=۰.۰۱۸). Also, in-hospital mortality was higher in HF patients with COVID-۱۹ than in HF patients without COVID-۱۹ (۵۵.۱۳% vs. ۱۶.۲۰%; P<۰.۰۰۱). Overall, HF patients with COVID-۱۹ are at particular risk for severe complications and high mortality. Therefore, it is recommended to pay special attention to HF patients with COVID-۱۹.

Keywords:

COVID-۱۹ , Heart failure , mortality , Cardiovascular Diseases