The Effects of Blood Sugar, Electrolytes, and Blood Pressure on Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction in Patients Candidates for General Surgery Under General Anesthesia: A Non-Systematic Review

Introduction: Since general surgeries have a wide range of types of surgeries and the possibility of cognitive disorders in these patients is high and can increase mortality and complications after surgery, the present study was designed and conducted following the question that do changes in blood sugar, electrolytes, and blood pressure cause cognitive disorders in patients who are candidates for general surgery under general anesthesia, or not?Methodology: This article was carried out by using a non-systematic and descriptive review method; the non-systematic method by searching without any restrictions in Web of Science, Google Scholar, Scopus, Medline, and PubMed by using keywords selected based on the mesh including: Blood sugar, glucose, hyperglycemia, hypoglycemia, general anesthesia, surgery, surgery general, pain, electrolyte, vitamin, blood pressure, cognitive impairment, post-surgery, and delirium were done.Results: A total of ۳۸ articles were found (۱۲ articles related to the relationship between blood glucose and cognitive disorders, ۱۳ articles about electrolytes and cognitive disorders, and ۱۳ articles about blood pressure and cognitive disorders) and it was evaluated that these articles were published from ۲۰۰۵ (one article) to ۲۰۲۲.Conclusion: The changes and fluctuations of blood sugar, electrolytes, and blood pressure during general anesthesia in patients who are candidates for general surgery are one of the important and fundamental factors in the occurrence of cognitive disorders after surgery. Therefore, preventive measures should be considered for all patients.

Keywords:

Cognitive disorders , Post-Operative , Blood Sugar , Electrolyte , blood pressure , General anesthesia