Examining the Incidence and Factors Influencing Common Mental Disorders (CMDs) in Pregnant Women on Pandemic Situation in Indonesia

Background. Common mental disorders (CMDs) increase the risk of pregnancy and the number is relatively high in economically developing nations. This study aims to measure the prevalence of CMDs and assess the associated risk factors for CMDs in pandemic situation in Indonesia. Methods. A cross-sectional study involving ۱,۵۴۳ subjects in Banyumas-District, Central Java, Indonesia who were recruited during the period of January to August ۲۰۲۲. CMDs were the main outcome measured while social support, marital satisfaction, COVID-۱۹ diagnosis, and pregnancy characteristics were the main risk factors measured. Demographic, socioeconomic, and geographical characteristics were measured as adjusted variables.  Data were collected using a standardized through an online questionnaire distributed through snowball sampling. Multiple logistic regression was applied to estimate the risk of having CMDs in gravid individuals. Results. The prevalence of CMDs was ۱۷.۵% with the higher case of CMDs was found in pregnant women who had low social support, poor marital satisfaction, COVID-۱۹ survivors, primigravida, and in early pregnancy. After the bivariate analysis, family income, type of family, number of pregnancies, gestational age, social and marital satisfaction were analyzed in the multivariate test. In the final model, poor relationship quality was the most risk factor for having CMDs in the subjects (OR=۵.۱۱; ۹۵% CI=۳.۳۳ - ۷.۸۳; p < ۰.۰۰۱). Conclusions. The number of CMDs in pregnant during pandemic situation in Indonesia is relatively high and comparable to findings from other LMICs. The poor relationship quality was the most risk factor for having CMDs in pregnant individuals in Indonesia.

Keywords:

Common Mental Disorders , Pregnant Women , Pandemic , Indonesia