Human Responsibilities in Ayatollah Meṣbāḥ-Yazdī and Søren Kierkegaard Ethical Thought: A Comparative Study

The present study aimed to examine the relationship between Islamic and Christian ethical thought to understand the similarities and differences between the ethical thoughts of Ayatollah Meṣbāḥ-Yazdī and Søren Kierkegaard, in order to shed light on the similarities between Muslims and Christians and promote dialogue between them. The research, also, investigates human responsibilities in Ayatollah Meṣbāḥ-Yazdī and Søren Kierkegaard's ethical frameworks, by using the descriptive-analytical and documentary methods. The research involved a comprehensive search of electronic databases, relevant books, and internet sources, with all documents being thoroughly and systematically reviewed. The results indicated that both ethical perspectives assert that being ethical entails fulfilling responsibilities towards God, oneself, and others. Ayatollah Meṣbāḥ-Yazdī argues that these responsibilities are fulfilled by practicing and embodying virtues, thus establishing an ethical way of life. Humans are not solely responsible for their own actions and intentions, but also for the purpose of their existence. Inner equilibrium is crucial, as it influences the ability to remain steadfast in fulfilling responsibilities across all aspects of life. According to Kierkegaard, believers' dependence on the institutionalized church hinders their individual relationship with God, preventing them from taking personal responsibility. Human responsibility is inextricably linked to reflective choice, and with reflective, free choice comes anxiety. Experiencing anxiety reflects one's spirituality and relational connection to others.

Keywords:

Ayatollah Meṣbāḥ-Yazdī , Søren Kierkegaard , Human responsibilities , Christian ethics , Islamic ethics