Anesthesia and Sedation in Chough (Pyrrhocorax pyrrhocorax) Following Intranasal Administration of Diazepam, Midazolam, Xylazine with or without Ketamine: Clinical Evaluation

Objective- This study aimed to compare sedation efficacy in intranasal administration of xylazine, diazepam and midazolam with or without ketamine in Chough.Design- To determine the sedation efficacy, an experimental in vivo study was employed.Animals- Seven healthy Choughs were examined in the current study.Procedures- With an interval of one week, seven healthy adult non domesticated Choughs of either genders, weighing ۲۳۲.۵۴±۱۴.۵ grams, were sedated or anesthetized by xylazine (۸ mg/kg), diazepam (۸mg/kg) and midazolam (۸mg/kg)with or without Ketamine(۳۰ mg/kg).Results- Fallowing intranasal administration of the subjects, sedation or anesthesia was produced in all groups.Conclusion and Clinical Relevance-This study revealed that intranasal use of xylazine, diazepam and midazolame alone or combined with ketamine provides reliable sedation in Chough; however all anaesthesia protocols are not perfect to be used in surgical procedures.

Keywords:

anesthesia , Sedation , intranasal administration , chough