Comparative Evaluation of Three Methods of Vesicoureteral Reflux Induction in Rabbits

Objective-comparative evaluation of different surgical methods of vesicoureteral reflux induction in rabbits. Design- Elective experimental study. Animals- sixteen healthy male rabbits. Procedures- sixteen healthy New Zealand White male rabbits were randomly divided in four equal groups. All rabbits were preoperatively evaluated with retrograde cystography for the presence or absence of congenital or acquired vesicoureteral reflux. Rabbits of group۱ (control) without any manipulation were kept for comparing with other three experimental groups. Rabbits of group ۲, ۳ and ۴ undergone open surgeries with unroofing the ureter with surgical blade incision of ۳-۵mm in length. In group two incised ureter left without suturing ureteral mucosa, in group three incised ureter sutured with nylon material ۵-۰ and in group four ureter was incised with electrosurgical cutting blade without suturing mucosal layer to the bladder roof. Postoperatively on days ۷th, ۱۵th and ۳۰th all animals in different groups undergone cystography for presence or absence of vesicoureteral reflux. Results- All the animals of group ۱, ۲ and ۴ didn't show any reflux in double contrast cystography but in group ۳ reflux in the form of bilateral and unilateral were observed clearly. Conclusion and Clinical Relevance- Unroofing the ureter with surgical blade incision and suturing the incised margins can induce the successful vesicoureteral reflux for undergoing an experimental study of vesicoureteral reflux treatment.