Solar and Wastewater Effects on Zooplankton Communities of the Imandra Lake (Kola Peninsula, Russia), ۱۹۹۰ to ۲۰۰۳

Both heliophysical and anthropogenic (wastewater) effects on zooplankton biomass and abundance of the Imandra Lake (the largest subarctic lake at Kola Peninsula, Russia) were investigated during the ۱۹۹۰ - ۲۰۰۳ period. We used different indexes of solar activity (sunspot numbers and UV- radiation values) as heliophysical factors. Information about UV- radiation values was derived from satellite data. As a parameter of anthropogenic pollution we used the information about wastewaters input in Imandra Lake by copper-nickel (Severonikel plant) enterprise and apatite-nepheline industry (AO Apatit). Besides we used the direct measurements of concentrations of the most important pollutants (Al, Ni, Cu) and biogenic components (N and P)in the Imandra Lake. It was shown that the correlation between heliophysical factors and zooplankton biomass and abundance was high and significant (r= ۰.۷- ۰.۸), and it was not significant between waste waters input volume and zooplankton productivity. 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Keywords:

Imanda lake , solar , Wastewater , Zooplankton