Pricing of Primary Frequency Control of Wind Farms in Deregulated Environments

Frequency Control (FC) is one of the most important duties of the system operator which is done in different levels called primary, secondary and tertiary controls. These threelevels keep generation and consumption balanced. The first level is primary frequency control (PFC). This is a local automatic controlthat stabilizes frequency. This control holds frequency at permissible range determined by the system operator. The aim of secondary andtertiary FC is frequency recovery to its nominal value and recovery of the primary reserve. In deregulated environments, competitionopportunity must ideally be prepared among allof the participants for energy and ancillary services, as well as FC. So far, a great deal of works have been done for secondary and tertiarycontrol, while less attention has been taken to PFC. This service is mandatory in generation side in the vast majority of markets all over theworld. In this paper, an approach is presented for PFC pricing to those DGs which participate in wind farms.

Pricing of Primary Frequency Control of Wind Farms in Deregulated Environments Keywords:

Ancillary services , Primary frequency control , Wind farm , Pricing