Effect of Magnesium Sulfate Added to Tincture of Opium and Buprenorphine on Pain and Quality of Life in Women with Dysmenorrhea: A Prospective, Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Trial

Background: Adding magnesium sulfate (MgSO۴) to opioid receptor agonists increases the opioid analgesiceffects via blocking this receptor. The current study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of adding MgSO۴ totincture of opium (TOP) and buprenorphine (BUP) on pain and quality of life (QOL).Methods: In prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial, one hundred andsixty-three women with secondary dysmenorrhea caused by endometriosis were selected using a respondentdriven sampling (RDS) and assigned into six groups using block randomization. Patients received ۵۰ mg/kgMgSO۴ in ۱۰۰ ml saline by micro set in six monthly menstrual periods and completed the visual analoguescale (VAS) and QOL Questionnaire (QOLQ). Data were analyzed by repeated measures analysis of variance(ANOVA) and hierarchical regression.Findings: The primary outcomes showed that pain scores in magnesium (MAG) + opium tincture (OT)[F = ۵.۷(۱,۱۶۲), P = ۰.۰۰۴] and MAG+ BUP [F = ۴.۵(۱,۱۶۲), P = ۰.۰۰۶] groups showed a significant decreasecompared with control group. Also, QOL scores in MAG + OT [F = ۴.۸(۱,۱۶۲), P = ۰.۰۰۵] and MAG + BUP[F = ۵.۹(۱,۱۶۲), P = ۰.۰۰۳] showed a significant increase. However, there was no significant differencebetween the two groups (P = ۰.۱۴۰) and the changes did not persist until follow-up (P = ۰.۸۱۰). Secondaryoutcomes indicated that the low scores of the two components of QOL including physical and psychologicalcomponents were predictors of pain (P = ۰.۰۱۱, Beta > ۳.۰۹).Conclusion: Simultaneous use of MAG with opioids is associated with pain reduction and the improvement ofQOL. However, this hypothesis requires careful handling in a randomized controlled trial

Keywords:

Dysmenorrhea , Endometriosis , Pain , magnesium sulfate , Buprenorphine