X-ray complications and ways to prevent these complications in operating room personnel; Review article

Background and purpose: The use of ionizing rays such as X-rays during orthopedic, neurological and urological operations is common. Despite being efficient, these rays will cause complications in the operating room personnel. Therefore, this review study was conducted with the aim of knowing these complications and ways to prevent them. Study method: In this review study, PubMed, Google Scholar, Mogiran and Iran Medex databases were used to search for articles. Studies with the keywords of protection, X-ray, radiation and operating room and in the period from ۲۰۰۰ to ۲۰۲۴ were selected for review. Findings: By examining the studies, it was found that X-rays cause cataracts, mutations, congenital anomalies and abortion. Also, the harmful effects of radiation on bone marrow, lymph tissue, thyroid, testicles and ovaries have been proven. Complications can be prevented by installing warning signs during radiation, leaving all personnel from the room and entering with a delay after radiation. Are. Also, narrowing the aperture of the device and using the minimum dose, having proper ventilation, continuously measuring the amount of radiation with a dosimeter, keeping a distance from the source of radiation, and using nanoparticles of bismuth oxide are considered as ways to prevent side effects. Discussion and conclusion: exposure to X-rays in the operating room is an occupational hazard for the employees of this department, therefore, by increasing the distance from the source of radiation and reducing the time of exposure to radiation, these complications can be prevented.

Keywords:

protection , X-ray , radiation , operating room