Epidemiological study of lip cancer between ۲۰۰۴ and ۲۰۱۶ in public hospitals of Tehran, Iran: Squamous cell carcinoma as the most common cancer

Background: The majority of oral cancers, which make up ۲۵% to ۳۰% of all malignancies in the oral area, are lip cancers (LCs). As far as we are aware, there haven’t been any thorough epidemiologic research on LC. This study’s objective is to look at the trend of tumor prevalence across the whole lip area in Iranians between ۲۰۰۴ and ۲۰۱۶ (Tehran, Iran).Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study, which examined tumor location, age, gender distribution, histological tumor type, metastasis, clinical diagnosis, and recurrence of the lesion, was carried out on the pathology records of patients admitted to the Department of Pathology at the Cancer Institutes of Imam Khomeini hospital and Tajrish hospital between ۲۰۰۴ and ۲۰۱۶. The data was analyzed using the chi-square test and Fisher’s exact test.Results: Out of a total of ۲۳۷۳۹۲ biopsy reports filed with the Department of Pathology, ۵۱۲ instances (۰.۲۱%, ۹۲% malignant, and ۸% premalignant) involving ۳۸۵ (۷۵.۲%) males and ۱۲۷ (۲۴.۸%) females were discovered to be lip-related. A statistically significant difference between sex and the site of the lesion was found using the chi-square test (P = ۰.۰۳۲). Lower lip and squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) were the most typical locations and types, respectively. Recurrence and metastasis were noted in ۷.۸% and ۲۵.۸۴% of cases, respectively, with males more likely than women to experience these outcomes. Moreover, there was a significant (P = ۰.۰۲۵) correlation between gender and histological tumor type.Conclusion: The chance of developing LC was greater in men over the age of ۵۴. The most typical location for SCC involvement is the lower lip. We discovered that women had an increased frequency of upper lip lesions. These disparities might be the result of gender-specific professional and behavioral differences. Hence, as possible contributors to the occurrence of LCs, variables including occupational and behavioral variations and public knowledge of sun exposure should be carefully evaluated.

Keywords:

Lip cancer , oral , Epidemiology , Squamous Cell Carcinoma , Iran