Sociolinguistic Factors Influencing the Acquisition of English Vocabulary in Multilingual Contexts: Insights from Selected Secondary School Teachers in Dodoma, Tanzania

The study aimed to investigate the influence of sociolinguistic factors on the acquisition of English vocabulary in multilingual contexts. It employed a case study design in Dodoma City and Chamwino District Councils in Dodoma Region, Tanzania. Purposive sampling was used to select eight English language teachers; all of whom had at least five years’ teaching experience. Selected teachers participated in semi-structured interviews to gather qualitative data, which underwent analysis through content analysis and Nvivo ۱۲. The findings of the study indicate that sociolinguistic factors, such as the learners' home language, the level at which they started learning English, the education level of their parents, and opportunities to interact with English-speaking children, positively impact the acquisition of English vocabulary. Consideration should be given to the social and cultural backgrounds of learners when elucidating the process of acquiring vocabulary in a second/foreign language within multilingual environments. Based on these findings, teachers and policymakers should consider the sociolinguistic backgrounds of learners when designing language teaching programmes. They should provide support to learners who may have started learning English at a later age to improve English in multilingual contexts.

Keywords:

Sociolinguistics , English Vocabulary , Multilingualism , Dodoma , Tanzania