Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are a crucial factor in the anticancer activity of Oliveria decumbens extract against the A۴۳۱ human skin cell line

Globally, skin cancer is a main public health challenge which its incidence is continuously rising. Regarding to limitation of conventional therapies,new research and novel therapies can be promising for reduction of skin cancer morbidity and mortality. Phytochemicals are attractive resources for new therapy design in cancer research due to cost-effectiveness and lower side effects. In the present study, the anti-cancer activity of Oliveria decumbens (O.decumbens) extract on the human skin cancer A۴۳۱ cell line has been investigated. The aqueous extract of the O.decumbens plant was prepared using the traditional method. After that, IC۵۰ was determined using ۳-(۴,۵-dimethylthiazol-۲-yl)-۲,۵-diphenyl-۲H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay under different concentration of O.decumbens. Cell Apoptosis was investigated by Annexin V-FITC/Propidium Iodide (PI) and flowcytometry. Cell cycle studied by PI staining and flowcytometry. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production analyzed with DCFH-DA (۲', ۷' -dichlorofluorescein-diacetate) staining and flowcytometry.IC۵۰ for cell viability was determined ۴۷۵ g/ml. Cell cycle analyses showed G۱ arrest in treated cells compare to control cell. Results also confirmed significant increase of apoptotic cells (۸.۲%۱, P<۰.۰۵) under IC۵۰ concentration of the extract in compare to control group (۲.۵۰.۹۹%). Significant increase in ROS level was observed in O.decumbens treated cells compare to control cells (۷۳۸ ۱۷۰ vs ۳۱۶۵۵ in control group, P<۰.۰۵.Overall, the present results indicate that O.decumbens extract can inhibit skin cancer cell proliferation via inhibition of cell cycle and apoptosis. It seems that ROS production plays a critical role in anti-cancer effect of O. decumbens extract. Therefore, its potential option for future treatment of skin cancer should be considered.

Keywords:

Oliveria decumbens , aqueous extract , Ros , Skin cancer , A۴۳۱cell line