A Case Report of CMV-Associated Encephalitis

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is not common in immunocompetent patient. This study is a case report of a ۶۰-year-old man with no evidence of immunocompromised history, who died from CMV-associated encephalitis. The patient presented with a ۵-month headache whose pattern and severity changed in the past few days, coffee ground vomiting, and three times seizure. The condition caused his level of consciousness to decrease, he didn’t respond to the primary empirical treatment, and the primary paraclinical work up had no specific findings. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed normal pressure hydrocephalus, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis had aseptic pattern, blood culture was negative, and CSF culture was negative too. After that multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was done on the CSF, which was positive for CMV. Foscarnet therapy was initiated for the patient, but it was too late, and the patient did not respond to these treatments. Finally, the patient died. It is too important to diagnose these conditions and initiate therapy as soon as possible.

Keywords:

PCR , Cytomegalovirus , Encephalitis