Study on the prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection, antibiotic resistance pattern, biofilms genes, and antibiotic resistance genes from clinical samples

The global health situation is caused by Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains because they are resistant to most antibiotics. The emergence and spread of antibiotic resistance make the treatment of these infections more complicated. This study aimed to investigate mecA, blaZ, cna, and fnbA genes and the pattern of antibiotic resistance in S. aureus isolates obtained from different clinical samples. In this study, 78 strains of S. aureus were collected from different clinical specimens. The antibiotic susceptibility of the isolates was determined by the disk agar diffusion method. The prevalence of mecA, blaZ, cna, and fnbA genes and antimicrobial resistance patterns against 10 conventional antibiotic disks were evaluated in these isolates. Data analysis was performed utilizing SPSS statistical software version 25. Of the 78 collected samples, 63 samples had the mecA gene (62.2%). 63 isolates of S. aureus were examined, in which the blaZ gene is present in 60 (95.2%) isolates, and the fnbA gene is present in 51 (81%) isolates. The frequency of the cna gene was observed in 42 (66.7%). also, a significant relationship was observed between cna and fnbA genes with gentamicin and tetracycline antibiotic resistance with (P<0.05). The results of the antibiotic resistance pattern showed that all the isolates were resistant to oxacillin (100%), penicillin (95.2%), and the least resistant was vancomycin (3.2%), and Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (17.5%).Compared with other reports from Iran, our study shows an average rate of MRSA. However, the level of resistance to common antibiotics in these isolates was high. In this situation, it is recommended to monitor antibiotic resistance in these hospitals and medical centers.

Study on the prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection, antibiotic resistance pattern, biofilms genes, and antibiotic resistance genes from clinical samples Keywords:

Staphylococcus aureus , MRSA , Antibiotic resistance , biofilm