Comparison of SOFA and qSOFA in Predicting In-Hospital Mortality among COVID-۱۹ Patients

Introduction: In late December ۲۰۱۹, a novel pneumonia case emerged in Wuhan, China, which was later identified by the WHO as COVID-۱۹. Evaluating disease severity at the time of admission is crucial in reducing COVID-۱۹ mortality. This study examines the effectiveness of the SOFA and qSOFA tools in predicting hospital mortality among ICU COVID-۱۹ patients. Material and Methods: This comparative-descriptive study examined ۲۰۵ severe and critical COVID-۱۹ patients in the ICU. Data on demographics, clinical characteristics, and lab findings at admission were collected to calculate SOFA and qSOFA scores, correlated with in-hospital outcomes (survival or death). Analysis was conducted using SPSS software, with predictive accuracy assessed via ROC curve analysis. Results: Factors such as age ≥ ۶۵, diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, and pulmonary diseases, elevated creatinine and bilirubin levels, reduced PaO۲ levels, tachypnea, tachycardia, decreased SPO۲ levels, increasing FiO۲, high SOFA score, and qSOFA were significant in predicting mortality (P<۰.۰۵). The qSOFA score had an area under the curve of ۰.۹۸۳ (۹۵% CI: ۰.۹۶۸-۰.۹۹۸), outperforming SOFA (۹۵% CI: ۰.۸۸۵-۰.۹۵۹). SOFA did not significantly predict outcomes in the presence of other variables (P>۰.۰۵), whereas qSOFA did (P<۰.۰۵). Conclusion: Both SOFA and qSOFA effectively predicted COVID-۱۹ outcomes, but qSOFA was superior in predicting mortality. Given its simplicity and suitability for routine use, qSOFA is more practical for everyday clinical application.

Keywords:

COVID-۱۹ , SOFA , qSOFA , Mortality , Sequential organ failure assessment , Quick sequential organ failure assessment