Islamic Thought Under Quantum Scrutiny: An Analysis from Allamah Tabataba'i's Philosophical Perspective

The history of the philosophy of science in Islamic civilization reveals a consistent endeavor by Muslim thinkers to forge a robust link between diverse sources of knowledge, particularly reason, revelation, and experience. Amidst this intellectual tradition, the advent of quantum theory in the dawn of the 20th century, with its introduction of fundamental concepts and principles overtly contradicting conventional intuition and classical reason, has presented formidable challenges to this philosophical heritage. This article investigates the core question of whether the framework of Islamic philosophical thought, especially as embodied in the profound and systematic ideas of Allamah Sayyid Muhammad Husayn Tabataba'i (may his soul be sanctified), possesses the capacity to address these epistemological and ontological dilemmas. To achieve this aim, we employ an analytical-comparative method, meticulously examining the works and views of Allamah Tabataba'i and elucidating the key and fundamental concepts of quantum physics, to scrutinize the possibility of interaction and confrontation between these two domains. The findings of this research indicate that Transcendent Philosophy (Hikmat Muta'aliyyah), as the intellectual foundation of Allamah Tabataba'i's thought, with its reliance on flexible, monistic, and profound principles, potentially holds a significant capacity for constructive dialogue and engagement with the achievements of modern science, and especially quantum theory. Nevertheless, while emphasizing the strengths of this approach, the article also critically points out some limitations and challenges, ultimately offering detailed suggestions for the continuation and deepening of future research in this area. The primary innovation of this paper lies in presenting a systematic and multifaceted analysis that, adopting a philosophical-critical approach, assesses the possibility of epistemic synergy between Allamah Tabataba'i's philosophical thought and the astonishing findings of quantum physics, thereby opening novel perspectives for researchers in the field of philosophy of science and religion.

Islamic Thought Under Quantum Scrutiny: An Analysis from Allamah Tabataba'i's Philosophical Perspective Keywords:

Islamic Philosophy of Science , Allamah Tabataba'I , Quantum Physics. Transcendent Philosophy , Science and Religion , Quantum Reality , Epistemology