Mind-Body Dualism: Mulla Sadra's Existential Interpretation versus Hegel's Idealism

This article critically examines the enduring philosophical problem of mind-body dualism, comparing the approaches of two prominent philosophers, Mulla Sadra and Hegel, with the Cartesian dualistic perspective. The article argues that Cartesian dualism faces fundamental challenges in explaining mind-body interaction, the unity of human experience, and compatibility with modern science. It proceeds to elaborate and analyze the viewpoints of Mulla Sadra and Hegel, demonstrating that both philosophers attempted to transcend the limitations of Cartesian dualism. The article emphasizes that Mulla Sadra’s approach, grounded in the principles of the unity of being (Wahdat al-Wujud), graded existence (Tashkik al-Wujud), and substantial motion (Harakah Jawhariyyah), offers a more coherent, profound, and empirically plausible account of the mind-body relationship. In contrast, Hegel's idealistic approach, while insightful for understanding the evolution of consciousness in human history and culture, encounters limitations at the individual and experiential level, and in its engagement with modern science. Ultimately, the article concludes that Mulla Sadra’s perspective, due to its ontological depth and theoretical coherence, possesses a greater capacity for a more comprehensive understanding of the mind-body problem and facilitates constructive dialogue with modern empirical sciences.

Mind-Body Dualism: Mulla Sadra's Existential Interpretation versus Hegel's Idealism Keywords:

دوگانگی ذهن و بدن , ملاصدرا , هگل , وحدت وجودی , حرکت جوهری