A New Insight Into Salinomycin

Salinomycin is a polyether ionophore antibiotic used as a coccidiostat and growth promoter in veterinary medicine and animal husbandry since the ۱۹۸۰s. It is a promising anticancer drug that targets human cancer stem cells and inhibits tumor cell growth. It can induce autophagy, mitophagy, and mitochondrial polarity in cancer cells. Salinomycin can induce cytotoxicity in cancer cells by generating reactive oxygen species and inhibiting cyclooxygenase-۲ activity. It is also lipid-soluble, which can induce toxicity in humans and various animal species, including bovines, sheep, swine, equines, dogs, and birds. Accidental ingestion of high amounts of salinomycin can lead to cardiac toxicity, neural dysfunction, and paralysis in animals. It can also cause liver damage in animals. Studies have shown that different doses of oral salinomycin alter oxidative stress biomarkers, leading to increased inflammatory biomarkers. Treatment for salinomycin toxicosis often involves supportive care and symptomatic therapy. It is crucial to be cautious when using salinomycin, as it can cause harmful side effects due to its severe toxicity.

Keywords:

Anticancer drugs , Coccidiostat , Ionophores , Salinomycin , Toxicosis