Comparison of the Effect of Nano Curcumin on the Expression of some Drug Resistance Genes in Gram-negative and Gram-positive Bacteria

This research aims to investigate the molecular aspects of aminoglycoside resistance genes in Shigella dysenteriae obtained from children and evaluate their expression when influenced by curcumin nanoparticles. Also this study seeks to assess the impact of nano curcumin on the expression of multidrug-resistant efflux pump genes in Staphylococcus aureus using quantitative PCR (qPCR). The identification of the aad-E, aac-A, aph-D, and aph genes in Shigella dysenteriae was successfully confirmed using multiplex PCR techniques. Furthermore, the expression of the aad-E gene was examined in the presence of curcumin nanoparticles using real-time PCR. The study also monitored the expression of efflux pump genes (mexA, mexB, norA, norB) in Staphylococcus aureus when subjected to curcumin nanoparticles compatibility. In the analysis of Shigella dysenteriae isolates, it was found that 83.3% of the samples were positive for the aad-E gene. Additionally, six isolates were identified to carry the aac-A and aph-D genes, while one isolate possessed the aph gene. The expression of the aad-E gene exhibited a 1.03-fold change when treated with curcumin nanoparticle at a sub-minimal inhibitory concentration (SubMIC) of 128 µg/mL. The results indicate that Curcumin effectively reduced NorA gene expression in the efflux pump for over 82% of the Staphylococcus aureus samples examined. Furthermore, a decrease in NorA gene expression was observed in more than half of the Staphylococcus aureus strains tested. The prevalence of the aad-E gene in most Shigella dysentery isolates shows the necessity of effective treatment. The prevalence of the aad-E gene in the majority of Shigella dysenteriae isolates underscores the necessity for effective treatment strategies. Curcumin nanoparticles exhibit potential in reducing the expression of aminoglycoside resistance genes and significantly influence NorA gene expression, indicating its potential as an alternative treatment for drug-resistant strains.

Comparison of the Effect of Nano Curcumin on the Expression of some Drug Resistance Genes in Gram-negative and Gram-positive Bacteria Keywords:

Drug resistance , Nano Curcumin , Gene expression , Gram-negative , Gram-positive