Biplot Analysis of the Morphological Variability in a Number of Secale cereale L. Genotypes

The morphological variation of ۶۴ Secale cereale L. accessions was evaluated based on several traits using a lattice design with two replications over two years (۲۰۱۶ and ۲۰۱۷). The first two principal components of the entry × tester interaction biplot accounted for ۷۶% (۴۶% and ۳۰% for PC۱ and PC۲, respectively) of the variability across both years. Six vertex genotypes for the first year and eight vertex genotypes for the second year were identified. Important traits, such as grain yield and seed number per spike, were favorable in the sector of genotype ۲۳, and this vertex was the same in both years. For cultivar release, genotype ۲۳, followed by ۲۱, ۲۹, and ۳۲, can be considered after being tested under multi-environmental trials for adaptability. Evaluation of grain yield indicated that genotypes ۲۰, ۲۱, ۲۳, ۲۸, ۲۹, and ۳۲ were the best genotypes across the two years. According to the discriminative potential of traits, seed width, awn length, spike weight, and thousand-seed weight were more discriminative. The ideal entry biplot indicated that the same genotypes identified for obtaining high grain yield had the ability to evaluate traits in S. cereale, and they can be assumed as ideotypes. Given the importance of seed number per spike, seed weight per spike, and seed width on grain yield in the current study, these traits should be considered in S. cereale. The identified variations demonstrated a high degree of diversity within S. cereale, for genetic improvement programs.

Biplot Analysis of the Morphological Variability in a Number of Secale cereale L. Genotypes Keywords:

Genotype by Trait Interaction , Genetic variation , Graphic Analysis